Phillip B. Levine Archives • The Aspen Institute Economic Strategy Group

Figure 4: Size of the US working-age (25-54) population

Figure 6: Relationship between female labor force participation rates and total fertility rates in OECD countries

Figure 5: Social Security Administration fertility assumptions, 2021

Figure 3: Total fertility rate in the United States and other high-income countries

Figure 2: Children ever born by Mother’s age, by Mother’s birth cohort

Figure 1: Trend in US general fertility rate

The Causes and Consequences of Declining US Fertility

US births have fallen steadily since 2007 and the total fertility rate is now well below replacement level fertility—the rate at which the population replaces itself from one generation to the next. Our analysis suggests that this trend is unlikely to reverse in the coming years. The decline in births is widespread across demographic groups ...

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Phillip B. Levine

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